Table of Contents 1. Introduction ...........………………........……………………………...1 1.1. Rising Interest in AI in Education ..……………………………2 1.2. Three Reasons to Address AI in Education Now ...……………4 1.3. Toward Policies for AI in Education .....……...…………..……6 2. Building Ethical, Equitable Policies Together ……………………...10 2.1. Guiding Questions ...…...……………………………….….....10 2.2. Foundation 1: Center People (Parents, Educators, and Students) ...................................................................................................11 2.3. Foundation 2: Advance Equity ...……………………….….....12 2.4. Foundation 3: Ensure Safety, Ethics, and Effectiveness .….…14 2.5. Foundation 4: Promote Transparency ........…………………...15 2.6. Overview of Document ...……………………………………..17 3. What is AI? ..………………..……………………..………………...19 3.1. Perspective: Human-Like Reasoning ....…...………………….20 3.2. Perspective: An Algorithm that Pursues a Goal .......................21 3.3. Perspective: Intelligence Augmentation .......…………………23 3.4. Definition of “Model” ..............................................................24 3.5. Insight: AI Systems Enable New Forms of Interaction ............25 3.6. Key Recommendation: Human in the Loop AI ........................27 4. Learning .............................................................................................30 4.1. Insight: AI Enables Adaptivity in Learning .............................30 4.2. Intelligent Tutoring Systems: An Example of AI Models ........32 4.3. Important Directions for Expanding AI-Based Additivity .......33 4.4. A Duality: Learning With and About AI ..................................37 4.5. A Challenge: Systems Thinking About AI in Education ..........38 4.6. Open Questions about AI for Learning ....................................39 4.7. Key Recommendation: Seek AI Models Aligned to a Vision for Learning ....................................................................................40 5. Teaching .............................................................................................42 5.1. Always Center Educators in Instructional Loops .....................42 5.2. Insight: Using AI to Improve Teaching Jobs ............................44
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