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Patent frequency All Assignees COCKBAIN JULIAN SEDERMA SA NUTRICA NV NUTRINOVA GMBH GELYMA LIPOTEC SA UNIV WUERZBURG BEIERSDORF AG ELAN PHARMA INT LTD EPAX AS AKER BIOMARINE ASA SHELL INT RESEARCH LS9 INC SAPPHIRE ENERGY INC SCHAVERIEN COLIN STATOILHYDRO ASA BP BIOFUELSUK LTD CAMPBELL NEIL CELLECTIS SA country GB FR DE DE FR ES DE DE IE NO NO inst. type P C C C C C U C C C C Global C US US GB C C P Global C Global C US FR P C all products 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 6 6 5 4 3 3 2 2 2 Institutional type: C = company, P = private person, U = university, R = research cluster The detailed analysis of all sectors revealed the main players in patenting to be Henkel, Germany (both in cosmetics and health) and Pharmamar, Spain (Top 2 in Health). These are the companies with the highest amount of patents in marine biotechnology in Europe. The chemical industry company Henkel holds many patents in its portfolio concerning hair care with marine collagen; Pharmamar is a leading pharmaceutical company exclusively working with marine organisms. 1 7 7 drugs cosmetics enzymes genetics energy biofilm biocides 1 6 108 Study in support of Impact Assessment work on Blue Biotechnology

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