Journal of IiME Volume 4 Issue 1 www.investinme.org An Effort to Influence Medical Textbook Writers (continued) hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Functional Neurology. 1999;14(1):3-11. 20. Chaudhuri, A, & Behan, PO. Fatigue in neurological disorders. The Lancet. 2004;363,978-988. 21. Kuratsune, H, & Watanabe, Y. Chronic fatigue syndrome. In: Watanabe Y, Evengard B, Natelson BH, Jason LA, & Kuratsune H, eds. Fatigue Science for Human Health. Tokyo: Springer; 2007:67-88. 22. Komaroff, AL. The biology of chronic fatigue syndrome. American Journal of Medicine, 2000;108:169-171. 23. Evengard, B, Schacterle, RS, & Komaroff, AL. Chronic fatigue syndrome: new insights and old ignorance. Journal of Internal Medicine. 1999;246:455-469. 24. Lange, G, DeLuca, J, Maldjian, JA, Lee, H, Tiersky, LA, & Natelson, BH. MRI abnormalities exist in a subset of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Neurological Sciences. 1999;171:3-7. 25. Pall, M. Explaining "unexplained illnesses": disease paradigm for chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple chemical sensitivity, fibromyalgia, posttraumatic stress disorder, gulf war syndrome and others. Bighamton, N.Y.: Haworth Press. 2007. 26. Kennedy G, Spence VA, McLaren M, Hill A, Underwood C, Belch JJ. Oxidative stress levels are raised in chronic fatigue syndrome and are associated with clinical symptoms. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2005;39(5):584-9. 27. Kerr, JR, Petty, R, Burke, B, Gough, J, Fear, D, Sinclair, LI, Mattey, DL, Richards, SC, Montgomery, J, Baldwin, DA, Kellam, P, Harrison, TJ, Griffin, GE, Main, J, Enlander, D, Nutt, DJ, & Holgate, ST. Gene expression subtypes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis. Journal of Infectious Disease. 2008;197:1171-1184. 28. Price, JR, Mitchell, E, Tidy, E, & Hunot, V. Cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2008;2(CD001027). 29. Jammes, Y, Steinberg, JG, Mambrini, O, Bregeon, F, & Delliaux, S. Chronic fatigue syndrome: assessment of increased oxidative stress and altered muscle excitability in response to incremental exercise. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2005;257:299-310. 30. Goudsmit, E. (2001). Measuring the quality of trials of treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2001;286:3078-3079. Invest in ME (Charity Nr. 1114035) 31. Jason, L, Melrose, H, Lerman, A, Burroughs, V, Lewis, K, King, C, & Frankenberry, E. Managing chronic fatigue syndrome: overview and case study. AAOHN Journal. 1999;47:17-21. ME FACT “Postviral fatigue syndrome / myalgic encephalomyelitis… has attracted increasing attention during the last five years…Its distinguishing characteristic is severe muscle fatiguability made worse by exercise…The chief organ affected is skeletal muscle, and the severe fatiguability, with or without myalgia, is the main symptom. The results of biochemical, electrophysiological and pathological studies support the view that muscle metabolism is disturbed, but there is no doubt that other systems, such as nervous, cardiovascular and immune are also affected…Recognition of the large number of patients affected…indicates that a review of this intriguing disorder is merited…. The true syndrome is always associated with an infection… Viral infections in muscle can indeed be associated with a variety of enzyme abnormalities…(Electrophysiological results) are important in showing the organic nature of the illness and suggesting that muscle abnormalities persist after the acute infection…there is good evidence that Coxsackie B virus is present in the affected muscle in some cases” (PO Behan, WMH Behan. CRC Crit Rev Neurobiol 1988:4:2:157-178). From Documented involvement of Viruses in ME/CFS [http://www.investinme.org/Article365%20Documented%20involvement%20of%20vi ruses%20in%20ME%20CFS.htm] ME RESEARCH “A significant elevation in the relative amounts of 4 of 5 pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood plasma of patients with (ME)CFS was found when compared with the controls. In cases, lymphotoxin (LT) was elevated by 257% and IL-6 by 100% over the controls." - Professors Mary Ann Fletcher and Nancy Klimas, (Journal of Translational Medicine 2009:7:96: doi:10.1186/1479-5876-7-96) Page 20/56
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