ISBN: - 978-93-88936-09-5 1763 : P.I Macquer and L.A.M Herrisant discover that rubber dissolves in either and turpentine. 1770 : Edward Nairne, a shopkeeper in Britain, starts selling small cubes of rubber as erasers, the first commercial use of rubber, then known as elastic gum. 1775 : Joseph Priestly, famous English chemist, gives the name ‘rubber’ to elastic gum noticing its ability to rub off pencil marks. 1779 : The Portuguese attempts, at Para, to manufacture rubber goods including surgical appliances. 1791 : A Fourcroy finds that ammonia preserves NR 1810 : Roxburgh in Calcutta gets a gift of honey from Assam, in a receptacle lined with Focus rubber. 1818 : James Syme proves naphtha is an efficient rubber solvent. 1820 : Thomas Hancock discovers mastication and invents hand-driven wooden masticator. 1823 : Charles Macintosh uses naphtha rubber solution as a water-proofing layer between fabrics and develops the ‘Macintosh’ water proofing process, which he patents. 1826 : Thomas Hancock invents the rubber board. 1836 : E.M. Chaffee invents calendar to make uniformity thick rubber sheet without using solvents. 1839 : Charles Goodyear discovers the process of vulcanization. 1845 : H. Bewley inverts extruder. 1846 : Alexander Parkes patents the use of carbon disulphide as rubber solvent for making water-proof garments. 1853 : Spensor patents railway springs, to ‘cushion’ concussion. 1860 : Charles Hanson Greville Williams, British chemist, discovers that by destructive distillation, isoprene, the building block of NR, can be obtained. 1876 : Henry Wickham’s collection of seeds, are sent to the Botanical Gardens in Ceylon. 1879 : Bouchardt succeeds in decomposing NR into isoprene and in polymerising in back into rubber. 1882 : Sir William synthesises rubber from isoprene. 1888 : John Boyd Dunlop of Scotland independently inverts the first useful pneumatic tyre, making possible the new era of motor cars. 1890 : William Barlett invents tyre bead, which makes possible tyre detachment from the rim. 1895 : Michelin brothers complete the Paris car race in a tyres-fitted vehicle. 17
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