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Page 17 • Continued from previous page approaches, including a centralised system with a single identity provider that collects and manages all the information and data (recommended as the logical starting point for most Caribbean countries), a distributed system with multiple identity providers (may serve as the next evolution of identity providers in the Caribbean); or a system with intermediaries between identity provider(s) and the other elements that act with specific verification or control functions (may serve as an advanced country and regional model). The selected architectural model will determine how the digital identity system will be built and evolved and inform the options to be considered for the digital identity technology solution. Finally, the economic aspects need to be considered. For any national digital identity system to be successful, realistic and sustainable goals need to be established and pursued. Governments therefore need to plan in advance how the system will be sustained, for instance, internally by generated revenues, or externally by government subsidies. There is no one single model for a national digital identity approach that is better than another and no one-size-fits-all solution, as each country has its own distinctive characteristics, needs and goals. The CTU’s Handbook provides a summary of the main elements of sufficiently mature national digital identity systems which represent an invaluable source of information that can be referenced by Caribbean Governments, to draw lessons-learned about different approaches adopted globally, but adapted for the Caribbean context. References: World Bank. 2019. ID4D Practitioner’ Guide: Version 1.0 (October 2019). Washington, DC: World Bank. License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO). International Telecommunication Union, Digital Identity Roadmap Guide. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO). World Bank. 2018. Technology Landscape for Digital Identification, Washington, DC. World Bank License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO). Caribbean Telecommunications Union. Towards 21st Century Government: Issue 1.5 (January 2018). The Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency (CDEMA) and CARICAD have renewed their joint commitment to capacity building in the Caribbean with the signing of a second memorandum of understanding (MOU) in December 2021. Executive Director of CARICAD Devon Rowe stated that, “This second agreement further strengthens our collaboration and comes at a time when the COVID19 pandemic and the global response to it have reshaped the thinking of many. The continuation of this MOU offers the opportunity to build on the gains of the past and the forging of new solutions for an environment that is evolving in front of our very eyes.” CDEMA Executive Director, Elizabeth Riley indicated that since the first signing in 2016, the two agencies have collaborated in several capacities over the years, including response to disaster events and strategic planning and noted that for the CDEMA Coordinating Unit, the second MOU constitutes a renewal, extension and expansion of its institutional commitment to this partnership.

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