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fons'k ifjdYiuk dk vk/kkj FkhA flrEcj 1935 esa teZuh dh ljdkj us bl ifjdYiuk dks U;wjecxZ dkuwuksa ds :i esa veyh tkek iguk;kA bu dkuwuksa ds rgr xSj&vk;ksaZ }kjk ^teZu [kwu* okys yksxksa ls 'kknh djus ij ikcanh yxk nh x;h vkSj ;gwfn;ksa ds fy, nks;e ntsZ dh ukxfjdrk dk çko/kku dj fn;kA ,slk djus esa Hkh fgVyj vesfjdh fopkj/kkjk ls çHkkfor Fkk] [kkldj nwljh uLyksa esa 'kknh dh eukgh okys fte Øks dkuwuksa lsA ml le; esjs ;gwnh firk teZuh ds ukxfjd Fks vkSj cfyZu esa Fks tgk¡ mudk uoEcj 1932 esa tUe gqvk FkkA 15 flrEcj 1935 dks os nks;e ntsZ ds ukxfjd gks x,A lEiw.kZ ukxfjdrk ls tqM+h ljdkjh lqj{kk vYila[;dksa ls Nhu ysus ij muds lkFk Øwj O;ogkj gksus dh laHkkouk c<+ tkrh gSA gUuk vkjs.V dh e'kgwj iqLrd Origins of Totalitarianism esa ukxfjdrk ds fy, ,d eqgkojk gS &^ukxfjdrk vf/kdkj gkfly djus dk vf/kdkj gSA* U;wjsecxZ dkuwuksa dks ykxw djus ds lkFk&lkFk buls çHkkfor gksus okyksa ds fy, cM+s&cM+s fgjklr dsaæksa dk Hkh fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA vesfjdh Holocaust Museum dalUVªs'ku dSEi dk o.kZu ,sls {ks= ds :i esa djrk gS tgka fxj¶rkjh vkSj dkjkokl ikl nLrkost ugha gSaA ;s dkuwu feydj mu eqlyekuksa dks i'kksis'k esa Mky nsrs gSa ftuds ikl nLrkost ugha gSaA ,sls eqlyeku ns'kokfl;ksa dks j[kus ds fy, cM+s&cM+s fgjklr dsaæ cuk;s tk jgs gSa ftUgsa ukxfjdrk çnku djus ds fy, v;ksX; ?kksf"kr fd;k tk,xkA fgVyj }kjk vR;f/kd ç'kaluh; vesfjdh vkçoklh uhfr dh rjg ;s dkuwu Hkh ,d eq[kkSVk gSaA budh jpuk nqfu;k ds lcls cM+s yksdra= ds ukxfjdrk dkuwuksa esa fgUnqvksa dks lqfo/kk, nsuk gSA Vªai ,d ,sls ç'kklu dh vxqokbZ djrs gSa tks vesfjdk dks okil fgVyj ds fç; jk"Vª jkT; dh vksj ys tkuk pkgrk gSA dbZ ek;uksa esa eksnh dk Hkkjr Hkh bl jkg ij dkQh vkxs c<+ pqdk gSA fo|kFkhZ f'k{kd cu pqdk gSA ukxfjdrk dkuwuksa dks cnyus ls dgha T;knk gksrk gS QklhoknA Qklhoknh vkanksyu dksVZ] iqfyl] lsuk vkSj çsl ds Åij ,d gh jktuhfrd ny dk fu;a=.k LFkkfir djuk pkgrs gSA os ,d gh usrk ds çfr viuk leiZ.k j[krs gSa vkSj ,d ,sls dkYifud bfrgkl dks ;kn djrs jgrs gSa tc lqfo/kkHkksxh lewg dk jk"Vª ij opZLo FkkA ysfdu Qklhoknh fopkj/kkjk ds eeZ dh iwfrZ ukxfjdrk dkuwuksa esa la'kks/ku dj ,d vdsys tkrh; lewg dks lqfo/kk eqgS¸;k dj lEcU/kh dkuwuh fu;e ykxw ugha gksrs gSaA jk"Vª jkT; laca/kh ;wjksih;&vesfjdh fl)kar dk çHkko ;wjksi ds ckgj Hkh iM+kA fgUnw jk"Vªoknh fopkj/kkjk ds ç.ksrk Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd fl)kardkj fouk;d nkeksnj lkojdj ;wjksi ds tkrh; jk"Vªokn ls çHkkfor FksA teZu ;gwfn;ksa ds çfr ukth crkZo dks gh mUgksaus Hkkjr esa jg jgs eqlyekuksa ds çfr fganqRooknh uhfr ds vkn'kZ ds :i esa LFkkfir fd;kA jk"Vªh; Lo;a lsod la?k 1920 ds n'kd esa 'kq: gqvk ,d fgUnw jk"Vªoknh vkanksyu gSA la?k ds cgqr lkjs lnL; lkojdj dks iwtrs gSaA ,e ,l xksyokydj tSls la?k ds ofj"B usrk eqlksfyuh vkSj fgVyj ls çHkkfor FksA la?k dh jktuhfrd bdkbZ vkSj vc lÙkk esa dkfct Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ us ukxfjdrk dkuwuksa esa cnyko dks ykxw djuk 'kq: dj fn;k gSA bu cnykoksa esa U;wjsecxZ dkuwuksa dh çfr/ofu gh lqukbZ nsrh gSA Hkkjr dk u;k ukxfjdrk la'kks/ku dkuwu xSj&eqfLye vçokfl;ksa dks rst xfr ls ukxfjdrk çnku djus dh ckr djrk gS vkSj bl rjg eqlyekuksa ds lkFk xSj&cjkcjh dk crkZo djrk gSA çLrkfor jk"Vªh; ukxfjd jftLVj ns'kokfl;ksa ls nLrkostksa ds ek/;e ls viuh ukxfjdrk fl) djus dh ckr djrk gS] tcfd cgqrksa ds gks tkrh gSA blhfy;s ge U;wjsEcxZ dkuwuksa dks teZu bfrgkl ds fu.kkZ;d {k.k ekurs gSa vkSj fgjklr dsaæksa dks fu.kkZ;d ukth laLFkkuA U;wjsecxZ dkuwuksa vkSj muds nq"ifj.kkeksa ls bfrgkl lgh ek;us esa Mj x;k FkkA fQj D;ksa brus lkjs ns'k mlh jkg ij fudy iM+s gSa\ Qklhokn vuqekfur ladV ds {k.kksa ds nkSjku gh iuirk gS vkSj ;s ladV lewg ds cps jgus ds fy, uQk&uqDlku jfgr ;q) esa ifjyf{kr gksrs ns[kk tk ldrk gSA Hkkjr ds fofHkUu jkT;ksa ds chp ty ;q) ds :i esa fn[kkbZ nsus okyk tyok;q ladV bldk mngkj.k gSA varjkZ"Vªh; le>kSrs gh bldk lek/kku gS D;ksafd ;s le>kSrs ekurs gSa fd ge euq";ksa dh fu;fr ,d tSlh gSA gekjh lekurk,a] gekjh fofHkUurkvksa ij dgha Hkkjh iM+rh gSaA bl mnkj utfj;s dks ^oSf'od* dgdj Vªai tSls yksxksa }kjk migkl fd;k tkrk gSA ogha Hkkjr ds /keZfujis{k lfoa/kku dk i{k ysus okys mnkjokfn;ksa vkSj okeiafFk;ksa dks chtsih vkSj muds lkFkh ^ns'kæksgh* dg dj xfj;krs gSaA Vªai dk Hkkjr nkSjk n'kkZrk gS fd tkrh; jk"Vªokn vkSj bldk T;knk fgald HkkbZ&ca/kq Qklhokn fdl rjg iwjh nqfu;k esa Nk x;k gSA ekpZ] 2020 45 fcgkjh [kcj

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